c#串口通信（opencv入门教程）

串口开展操作的类，主要包括写和读操作，类可设定串口主要参数、设定接收函数公式、开启串口資源、关掉串口資源,操作进行后,一定要关掉串口、接收串口数据信息事件、接收数据出差错事件、获取现阶段所有串口、把字节数型转化成十六进制字符串数组等作用。这一串口类已经过去了调节，可以应用：

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.IO.Ports;

using System.Globalization;

namespace SerialClass

{

public class SerialClass

{

SerialPort _serialPort = null;

//界定授权委托

public delegate void SerialPortDataReceiveEventArgs(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e, byte[] bits);

//界定接收数据信息事件

public event SerialPortDataReceiveEventArgs DataReceived;

//界定接收不正确事件

//public event SerialErrorReceivedEventHandler Error;

//接收事件是不是合理 false表明合理

public bool ReceiveEventFlag = false;

#region 获取串口名

private string protName;

public string PortName

{

get { return _serialPort.PortName; }

set

{

_serialPort.PortName = value;

protName = value;

}

}

#endregion

#region 获取视频码率

private int baudRate;

public int BaudRate

{

get { return _serialPort.BaudRate; }

set

{

_serialPort.BaudRate = value;

baudRate = value;

}

}

#endregion

#region 默认设置构造方法

/// <summary>

/// 默认设置构造方法，操作COM1，速率为9600，沒有奇偶校验，8位字节数，终止位是1 “COM1”, 9600, Parity.None, 8, StopBits.One

/// </summary>

public SerialClass()

{

_serialPort = new SerialPort();

}

#endregion

#region 构造方法

/// <summary>

/// 构造函数,

/// </summary>

/// <param name=”comPortName”></param>

public SerialClass(string comPortName)

{

_serialPort = new SerialPort(comPortName);

_serialPort.BaudRate = 9600;

_serialPort.Parity = Parity.Even;

_serialPort.DataBits = 8;

_serialPort.StopBits = StopBits.One;

_serialPort.Handshake = Handshake.None;

_serialPort.RtsEnable = true;

_serialPort.ReadTimeout = 2000;

setSerialPort();

}

#endregion

#region 构造方法,可以自定串口的复位主要参数

/// <summary>

/// 构造方法,可以自定串口的复位主要参数

/// </summary>

/// <param name=”comPortName”>必须操作的COM口名字</param>

/// <param name=”baudRate”>COM的速率</param>

/// <param name=”parity”>奇偶校验位</param>

/// <param name=”dataBits”>数据信息长短</param>

/// <param name=”stopBits”>终止位</param>

public SerialClass(string comPortName, int baudRate, Parity parity, int dataBits, StopBits stopBits)

{

_serialPort = new SerialPort(comPortName, baudRate, parity, dataBits, stopBits);

_serialPort.RtsEnable = true; //全自动要求

_serialPort.ReadTimeout = 3000;//请求超时

setSerialPort();

}

#endregion

#region 析构函数

/// <summary>

/// 析构函数，关掉串口

/// </summary>

~SerialClass()

{

if (_serialPort.IsOpen)

_serialPort.Close();

}

#endregion

#region 设定串口主要参数

/// <summary>

/// 设定串口主要参数

/// </summary>

/// <param name=”comPortName”>必须操作的COM口名字</param>

/// <param name=”baudRate”>COM的速率</param>

/// <param name=”dataBits”>数据信息长短</param>

/// <param name=”stopBits”>终止位</param>

public void setSerialPort(string comPortName, int baudRate, int dataBits, int stopBits )

{

if (_serialPort.IsOpen)

_serialPort.Close();

_serialPort.PortName = comPortName;

_serialPort.BaudRate = baudRate;

_serialPort.Parity = Parity.None;

_serialPort.DataBits = dataBits;

_serialPort.StopBits = (StopBits)stopBits;

_serialPort.Handshake = Handshake.None;

_serialPort.RtsEnable = false;

_serialPort.ReadTimeout = 3000;

_serialPort.NewLine = “/r/n”;

setSerialPort();

}

#endregion

#region 设定接收函数公式

/// <summary>

/// 设定串口資源,还需轻载好几个设定串口的函数公式

/// </summary>

void setSerialPort()

{

if (_serialPort != null)

{

//设定开启DataReceived事件的字节为1

_serialPort.ReceivedBytesThreshold = 1;

//接收到一个字节时，也会开启DataReceived事件

_serialPort.DataReceived = new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(_serialPort_DataReceived);

//接收数据信息出差错,开启事件

_serialPort.ErrorReceived = new SerialErrorReceivedEventHandler(_serialPort_ErrorReceived);

//打开串口

//openPort();

}

}

#endregion

#region 开启串口資源

/// <summary>

/// 开启串口資源

/// <returns>回到bool类型</returns>

/// </summary>

public bool openPort()

{

bool ok = false;

//假如串口是打开的，先关闭

if (_serialPort.IsOpen)

_serialPort.Close();

try

{

//打开串口

_serialPort.Open();

ok = true;

}

catch (Exception Ex)

{

throw Ex;

}

return ok;

}

#endregion

#region 关闭串口

/// <summary>

/// 关闭串口資源,实际操作结束后,一定要关闭串口

/// </summary>

public void closePort()

{

//假如串口处在打开情况,则关闭

if (_serialPort.IsOpen)

_serialPort.Close();

}

#endregion

#region 接受串口数据信息事情

/// <summary>

/// 接受串口数据信息事情

/// </summary>

/// <param name=”sender”></param>

/// <param name=”e”></param>

void _serialPort_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)

{

//严禁接受事情时立即撤出

if (ReceiveEventFlag)

{

return;

}

try

{

System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(20);

byte[] _data = new byte[_serialPort.BytesToRead];

_serialPort.Read(_data, 0, _data.Length);

if (_data.Length == 0) { return; }

if (DataReceived != null)

{

DataReceived(sender, e, _data);

}

//_serialPort.DiscardInBuffer(); //清除接收缓冲区

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

throw ex;

}

}

#endregion

#region 获取数据出差错事情

/// <summary>

/// 获取数据出差错事情

/// </summary>

/// <param name=”sender”></param>

/// <param name=”e”></param>

void _serialPort_ErrorReceived(object sender, SerialErrorReceivedEventArgs e)

{

}

#endregion

#region 传送数据string种类

public void SendData(string data)

{

//传送数据

//严禁接受事情时立即撤出

if (ReceiveEventFlag)

{

return;

}

if (_serialPort.IsOpen)

{

_serialPort.Write(data);

}

}

#endregion

#region 传送数据byte种类

/// <summary>

/// 数据信息推送

/// </summary>

/// <param name=”data”>要传送的数据信息字节数</param>

public void SendData(byte[] data, int offset, int count)

{

//严禁接受事情时立即撤出

if (ReceiveEventFlag)

{

return;

}

try

{

if (_serialPort.IsOpen)

{

//_serialPort.DiscardInBuffer();//清除接收缓冲区

_serialPort.Write(data, offset, count);

}

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

throw ex;

}

}

#endregion

#region 推送指令

/// <summary>

/// 推送指令

/// </summary>

/// <param name=”SendData”>传送数据</param>

/// <param name=”ReceiveData”>获取数据</param>

/// <param name=”Overtime”>请求超时時间</param>

/// <returns></returns>

public int SendCommand(byte[] SendData, ref byte[] ReceiveData, int Overtime)

{

if (_serialPort.IsOpen)

{

try

{

ReceiveEventFlag = true; //关闭接受事情

_serialPort.DiscardInBuffer(); //清除接收缓冲区

_serialPort.Write(SendData, 0, SendData.Length);

int num = 0, ret = 0;

System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(10);

ReceiveEventFlag = false; //打开事情

while (num < Overtime)

{

if (_serialPort.BytesToRead >= ReceiveData.Length)

break;

System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(10);

}

if (_serialPort.BytesToRead >= ReceiveData.Length)

{

ret = _serialPort.Read(ReceiveData, 0, ReceiveData.Length);

}

else

{

ret = _serialPort.Read(ReceiveData, 0, _serialPort.BytesToRead);

}

ReceiveEventFlag = false; //打开事件

return ret;

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

ReceiveEventFlag = false;

throw ex;

}

}

return -1;

}

#endregion

#region 获得串口

/// <summary>

/// 获取全部已连接短信猫机器设备的串口

/// </summary>

/// <returns></returns>

public string[] serialsIsConnected()

{

List<string> lists = new List<string>();

string[] seriallist = getSerials();

foreach (string s in seriallist)

{

}

return lists.ToArray();

}

#endregion

#region 获得现阶段所有串口資源

/// <summary>

/// 得到现阶段电脑的全部串口資源

/// </summary>

/// <returns></returns>

public string[] getSerials()

{

return SerialPort.GetPortNames();

}

#endregion

#region 字节数型变换16

/// <summary>

/// 把字节数型转化成十六进制字符串数组

/// </summary>

/// <param name=”InBytes”></param>

/// <returns></returns>

public static string ByteToString(byte[] InBytes)

{

string StringOut = “”;

foreach (byte InByte in InBytes)

{

StringOut = StringOut String.Format(“{0:X2} “, InByte);

}

return StringOut;

}

#endregion

#region 十六进制字符串转字节型

/// <summary>

/// 把十六进制字符串转化成字节型(方式1)

/// </summary>

/// <param name=”InString”></param>

/// <returns></returns>

public static byte[] StringToByte(string InString)

{

string[] ByteStrings;

ByteStrings = InString.Split(” “.ToCharArray());

byte[] ByteOut;

ByteOut = new byte[ByteStrings.Length];

for (int i = 0; i <= ByteStrings.Length-1 ; i )

{

//ByteOut[i] = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(ByteStrings[i]);

ByteOut[i] = Byte.Parse(ByteStrings[i], System.Globalization.NumberStyles.HexNumber);

//ByteOut[i] =Convert.ToByte(“0x” ByteStrings[i]);

}

return ByteOut;

}

#endregion

#region 十六进制字符串转字节型

/// <summary>

/// 字符串转16进制字节二维数组(方式2)

/// </summary>

/// <param name=”hexString”></param>

/// <returns></returns>

public static byte[] strToToHexByte(string hexString)

{

hexString = hexString.Replace(” “, “”);

if ((hexString.Length % 2) != 0)

hexString = ” “;

byte[] returnBytes = new byte[hexString.Length / 2];

for (int i = 0; i < returnBytes.Length; i )

returnBytes[i] = Convert.ToByte(hexString.Substring(i * 2, 2), 16);

return returnBytes;

}

#endregion

#region 字节型转十六进制字符串

/// <summary>

/// 字节二维数组转16进制字符串

/// </summary>

/// <param name=”bytes”></param>

/// <returns></returns>

public static string byteToHexStr(byte[] bytes)

{

string returnStr = “”;

if (bytes != null)

{

for (int i = 0; i < bytes.Length; i )

{

returnStr = bytes[i].ToString(“X2”);

}

}

return returnStr;

}

#endregion

}

}

======================================================================================

启用方式：

static SerialClass sc = new SerialClass();

static void Main(string[] Args)

{

sc.DataReceived = new SerialClass.SerialPortDataReceiveEventArgs(sc_DataReceived);

sc.writeData(“at”);

Console.ReadLine();

sc.closePort();

}

static void sc_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e, byte[] bits)

{

Console.WriteLine(Encoding.Default.GetString(bits));

}